Chapter for the book: Human African Trypanosomiasis, B. Bouteille and M. Dumas, Editors

Carbohydrate metabolism

Fred R Opperdoes
Research Unit for Tropical Diseases and Laboratory of Biochemistry
Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology and Catholic University of Louvain
Avenue Hippocrate 74, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
Tel: +32-2-764 74 39, Fax +32-2-762 68 53
Email: opperdoes@trop.ucl.ac.be

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Contents

• Summary
• Introduction
• The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnass pathway of glycolysis
  • The long slender bloodstream form
    • Regulation of glycolysis
  • The short stumpy bloodstream form
  • The insect stage
    • Mechanism of succinate production
    • Mechanism of acetate production
    • Respiratory chain
• The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
• The individual steps of carbohydrate metabolism
  • Glucose transport
  • Pyruvate transport
  • Hexokinase
  • Phosphoglucose isomerase
  • Phosphofructokinase
  • Aldolase
  • Triose-phosphate isomerase
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  • Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  • Glycerol kinase
  • Phosphoglycerate kinase
  • Phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase
  • Pyruvate kinase
  • 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
  • Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
  • Malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme
• Control of glycolysis and drug development
• Conclusion
• References